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The Marange diamond fields are an area of widespread small-scale diamond production in Chiadzwa, Mutare West, Zimbabwe. 'Although estimates of the reserves contained in this area vary wildly, some have suggested that it could be home to one of the world's richest diamond deposits'.〔("Zimbabwe" ), ''Global Witness''.〕 The hugely prolific fields are regarded by some experts as the world's biggest diamond find in more than a century.〔(Inside Zimbabwe's controversial Marange diamond field "Zimbabwe" ), ''CNN'', 16 March 2012.〕 Production from Marange is controversial due to ongoing legal wrangles and government crackdowns on illegal miners and allegations of forced labour. In terms of carats produced, the Marange field is the largest diamond producing project in the world, estimated to have produce 16.9 million carats in 2013, or 13% of global rough diamond supply. Marange is estimated to have produced 12.0 million carats in 2012, 8.7 million carats in 2011, and 8.2 million carats in 2010. 〔("Marange May Not Be The Worlds Largest Diamond Producer For Much Longer" ), ''Kitco'', 10 February 2014.〕 ==Ownership== From the early 1980s, De Beers held an Exclusive Prospecting Order (EPO) over Marange via their subsidiary Kimberlitic Searches Ltd. Their EPO expired in 2006 and exploration rights were taken up by British-registered African Consolidated Resources.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=acrplc )〕 Production from Marange is controversial due to ongoing legal wrangles and government crackdowns on illegal miners. In December 2006, the company was readying trial mining operations when the Government of Zimbabwe took over the rights via the Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation, despite African Consolidated Resources winning a court case allowing them to continue mining.〔 In April 2010 the High Court of Zimbabwe ruled that the government could sell diamonds from Marange as it dismissed an application from British-based African Consolidated Resources to stop diamond sales from the disputed fields.〔("Pressure group warns Zimbabwe against diamond sale" ), ''Reuters'', 28 April 2010.〕 In September 2010, the Zimbabwe High Court formally revoked a ruling from a year earlier that restored mining rights to British-based, African Consolidated Resources Plc.〔("Zimbabwe revokes Marange diamond ruling" ), ''Financial Times'', 7 September 2010.〕 As of February 2014, the diamond fields are operated by 7 private entities all of which are partnered with the Zimbabwe government under the affiliate Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation (ZMDC). All 7 of the private companies are allegedly affiliated with Zimbabwe ex-military or political officials. The 7 companies currently operating are: Marange Resources, Anjin Investments Ltd., Diamond Mining Company, Gyn Nyame Resources, Jinan Mining Ltd., Kusena Diamonds, and Mbada Diamonds. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Marange may not be the world’s largest diamond producer for much longer )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marange diamond fields」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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